FEATURES OF LEARNING THE POLYSEMY OF THE ADJECTIVE "BLACK"

Polysemy is a phenomenon peculiar to almost all languages. In each lexical unit, a certain thought is encoded, which can be deciphered only with the help of context. In this case, the external expression of the figurative content of the adjective denoting black is its unusual, non-standard compatibility with other words. When used with different nouns, a word can acquire different meanings that are unrelated to the color designation. The figurative determinant comes to life and makes the word semantically capacious, saturated with various overtones, sometimes even with the opposite meaning.
Thus, the Kazakh language is characterized by neoplasms based on the active use of words with the meaning of the color "kara" (black). The symbolism of black color in the Kazakh language finds correspondence with both negative connotations – evil, darkness, grief, lies, difficulties, treachery, betrayal, and with positive ones – goodness, solidity, stability, power, strength, expressive beauty. The symbolism of black is very nuanced in many languages.
The article shows how in the educational process of a pedagogical university, during the teaching of philological disciplines, the subject of the polysemy of the adjective "black" can be used. The authors give examples from phraseology, onomastics, poetry and prose in Kazakh, Russian, German and English.

1. Guz Yu.V. (2010). Experimental study of basic color concepts (based on the material of Russian, English, German and Chinese). Abstract...Candidate of Philology Barnaul, 2010. – 24 p. [ in Russ.]

2. Okhritskaya N.M. (2012). Linguoculturological aspect of the ambiguity of color names: dissertation ... Candidate of Philological Sciences : 10.02.19. Chelyabinsk: Chelyabinsk State University - 201 p. [in Russ.]

3. Mukhamadyarova A.F. (2019). The study of phraseological and paremiological units with the coloronyms weiß / white / ak (on the example of German, Russian and Tatar languages) // Philological Sciences. Questions of theory and practice. Tambov: Diploma, 2019. 12(3). pp. 143-149. https://doi.org/10.30853/filnauki.2019 .3.30 [ in Russ.]

4. Ivanova E. N., Orlova A. E., Danilova V. A. (2019). Lexico-semantic features of some adjectives of color included in phraseological combinations (based on the material of different structural languages) // Bulletin of the I. Ya. Yakovlev ChSPU. Philological sciences. No. 5(105), pp. 49-55. DOI 10.26293/chgpu.2019.105.5.008 [ in Russ.]

5. Zhampeisova Zh.M. (2007). The black-and-white concept: opposition and activity. Doctoral dissertation for the degree of Doctor of philological Sciences, 10.02.02 - Kazakh language. Almaty. 129p. [in Kazakh]

6. Tagirova S.A., Zhumabaeva A.G. (2016). The color designation "black" in the semantics of phraseological units of the Kazakh and Bashkir languages // World of Science, culture, education. No. 6 (61), pp. 401-402. ISSN 1991- 5497. [ in Russ.]

7. Kartashkova, F.I., Belyaeva, L.E. (2022). Colour Meaning in English Literary Pieces. RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics, 13(1), 201-212. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2022-13-1-201-212

8. Prokhorova A.M. (2013). Semantic features of phraseological units with the component "color" and their anthropological correlation (based on the material of English and Russian languages". Prospects of science and education. No. 4. pp. 243-250 [ in Russ.]

9. Elzhurkaeva M.Ya. (2019). Features of the use of phraseological units with adjectives black and white. Baltic Humanitarian Journal. Vol. 8. No. 1(26), pp. 177-180. DOI: 10.26140/bgz3-2019-0801-0045

10. Yelibayeva K. Zh. (2012). Symbolism and semantics of color in Kazakh culture. Bulletin of MGUKI. 4 (48), pp. 60- 67

11. Abzhaparova M. D. (2018). White and black colors when describing a person in the Kazakh language in comparison with English and Russian languages. Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. No. 1. pp. 160-167. DOI:10.21603/2078-8975-2018-1-160-167.

12. Masevich A.Ts, Zakharov V.P. (2019). Semantic fields of color designations in the Russian language // Computational linguistics and computational ontologies. Issue 3 (Proceedings of the XXII International Joint Scientific Conference "Internet and Modern Society", IMS-2019, St. Petersburg, June 19 - 22, 2019. Collection of scientific papers). St. Petersburg: ITMO University. pp. 61-76. DOI: 10.17586/2541-9781-2019-3-61-76

13. Hosseini, F.S., Ghabanchi, Z. (2022). What’s in a Color? A neuropsycholinguistic study on the effect of colors on EEG brainwaves, immediate emotional responses, and English language vocabulary retention among Iranian young adults. Journal of Neurolinguistics. 63. 101083

14. Demir, Ü. (2020). Investigation of color-emotion associations of the university students. Color Research and Application. 45(5), 871-884. https://doi.org/10.1002/col.22522

15. Mylonas, D., Caparos, S., Davidoff, J. (2022). Augmenting a colour lexicon. Humanities and Social Sciences Communications. 9(1), 29

16. Kaidar A. (2014). Life in science. Scientific and theoretical foundations of the etymology of the Kazakh language. Vol.VI. Almaty: "Sardar" [in Kazakh]

17. Aliakbarova A. T. (2020). Modern Kazakh anthroponymy in a new socio-cultural environment: transmission, transformation. Dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD). Almaty. 278 p. [in Kazakh]

18. Dzhumadillaeva G. N. (2009). Directions of development of onomastics in Kazakhstan at the end of the XX century and the beginning of the XXI century. Doctoral dissertation for the degree of Doctor of philological Sciences, 10.02.02 - Kazakh language. Almaty. 134 p. [in Kazakh]

19. Myrzabayeva E. (2019). Women's education. El-Ana. Literary and educational student Almanac, No. 1. Almaty: Kazakh National Women's Teacher Training University, educational center of youth spirituality "EL-ANA". [in Kazakh]